The RoCK-Di co-processor is built on a Harvard Architecture, featuring distinct memory interfaces for data and program instructions. This design allows for parallel processing and efficient execution of cryptographic operations.

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The architecture is equipped with two primary datapaths, enabling concurrent execution of the FIPS 203 (ML-KEM) and FIPS 204 (ML-DSA) standards. This parallelism significantly enhances performance, particularly in applications requiring simultaneous key exchange and digital signature operations. In addition to the dual datapaths, the RoCK-Di co-processor includes a dedicated, standalone execution unit for FIPS 202 (SHA), a widely utilized hashing function. Furthermore, the processor is designed to secure sensitive data inside memory (i.e. secret key) by restricting user access to certain memory locations. This ensures optimized performance, robust security, and seamless integration into various security protocols.

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RoCK-Di is designed using flexible architecture, powered by an enhanced application-specific instruction set architecture (ISA), and delivers unparalleled security and performance, making it an essential component for future-proof systems in high-security environments. It offers exceptional flexibility, providing users with a range of options from high-level macro instructions to detailed individual instructions. This versatility allows for precise control over cryptographic operations. Users can leverage high-level macro instructions for comprehensive tasks such as key generation, ensuring alignment with FIPS standards, or opt for granular control by crafting each cryptographic operation through a series of step-by-step instructions tailored to specific application requirements.